Types and Applications of Filter Membranes

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2022-06-29 14:42

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Garbage leachate is a highly polluting toxic organic wastewater that poses a serious threat to the ecological environment. Due to the complexity of the composition of landfill leachate, some friends may ask, can membrane separation technology be used to treat landfill leachate? The answer is yes. There are four types of filtration membranes: microfiltration membranes (MF), polypropylene filtration membranes (UF), nanofiltration membranes (NF), and reverse osmosis membranes (RO). The pre-treatment technology of leachate generally adopts MF and UF, while the deep treatment technology mainly adopts NF and RO.
1. Microfiltration (MF)
Microfiltration membrane (MF) is a membrane separation technology driven by pressure difference. As a pre-treatment process for reverse osmosis membranes, microfiltration membranes improve the water quality through the pre-treatment process, meet the requirements of reverse osmosis membranes, reduce pollution of reverse osmosis membranes, and effectively improve the water quality and water production rate of the entire membrane system.
2. Ultrafiltration (UF)
Ultrafiltration (UF) is a membrane separation technology driven by pressure, intermediate between microfiltration and nanofiltration. Ultrafiltration can effectively remove some macromolecular substances, colloids, and particles from landfill leachate. In terms of leachate treatment, like microfiltration membranes, it is commonly used as a pre-treatment process for nanofiltration or reverse osmosis. In practical applications, appropriate polypropylene filtration membranes and operating conditions should be selected based on the properties and treatment objectives of the leachate to be treated, in order to avoid high energy consumption. The membrane is severely polluted and the filtrate is unstable.
3. Nanofiltration (NF)
Nanofiltration (NF) is a special membrane separation technology that lies between ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis. Based on the special separation characteristics of nanofiltration membrane technology, colloid, organic matter, inorganic compound, microorganism and other pollutants can be effectively removed in landfill leachate treatment. Therefore, nanofiltration is generally used as a deep treatment process for leachate treatment.
4. Reverse osmosis (RO)
Reverse osmosis (RO) refers to the process of penetrating agents from high concentration solutions to low concentration solutions. Reverse osmosis membrane can effectively intercept organic matter, metal salts, colloidal particles, and solid particles in the leachate. Many experiments and industrial studies have shown that reverse osmosis membranes have a removal rate of over 90% for various pollutants in landfill leachate.
Generally speaking, due to the complex composition, difficult degradation, significant changes in water quality, and the difficulty of traditional physical, chemical, and biological methods to meet the treatment requirements of landfill leachate, membrane separation technology has the advantages of simple equipment, convenient operation, and high efficiency. Moreover, in the treatment of leachate, energy is saved, so this technology has significant economic and environmental benefits. However, the pre-treatment of landfill leachate is also essential and can fully protect the service life of membrane components.

Microfiltration membrane,filterate

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